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Soil Field K30 Road Plate Load Test Device for Bearing Capacity

Plate Load Tester is an instrument used for on-site measurement of the bearing capacity of materials such as foundation soil, roadbed, pavement base or cushion layer. It evaluates the mechanical properties of materials by simulating their deformation characteristics under static load conditions.

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product description

Instrument composition

Load bearing plate: circular rigid steel plate (commonly with diameters of 300mm, 450mm, 762mm), transmitting load to the measured surface.
Plate Load Test Loading system: hydraulic jack or heavy object stacking, applying graded loads.
Plate Bearing Test Reaction device: Ground anchor, counterweight or vehicle provides reaction force.

Measuring instruments:

Displacement sensor: measures the settlement of the bearing plate (dial gauge or electronic sensor).
Pressure sensor: monitors the magnitude of the applied load.
Data logger: Manually record or automatically collect load settlement data.

Main components

1. Foundation testing: Determine the bearing capacity and deformation modulus of natural and composite foundations.

2.Roadbed/pavement evaluation: Testing the compaction and bearing capacity of roadbeds such as highways and airport runways.

3.Quality control: used for the quality acceptance of layered fill or backfill soil during the construction process.

4.Design verification: Provide on-site measured parameters for engineering design (such as foundation reaction coefficient K30).

Testing Principles

By gradually loading onto the tested surface and recording the settlement at each level of load, draw a load settlement curve (P-S curve) and calculate according to specifications (such as ASTM D1196):

Foundation bearing capacity (such as ultimate load or load corresponding to allowable settlement).
Deformation modulus (Ev or Evd).
Unit area load at K30 settlement of 1.25mm

Parameter

Product Name	Plate Bearing Test Equipment For Soil Ground Testing
Load plate	300mm
Hydraulic jack max.load	5T/10T/20T
Hydraulic jack journey	120mm
Span	3000mm
Electric oil pump rated pressure	70MPa
Pressure range	0-25MPa
Displacement range	0-10mm
Use engine oil	number 15 engine oil
Use temperature environment	5-45°C

FAQ（Frequently Asked Questions）

1. Core Principles and Data Computing

Q: What does "30" represent in the K30 experiment? What is the physical meaning of K30?

The meaning of 30: represents a standard rigid load-bearing plate with a diameter of 300 mm (30 cm) used for testing.

Physical meaning: K30 is the Coefficient of Gradient Reaction, which reflects the ability of soil to resist deformation.

Formula K30=P/S

Where p is the load strength MPa corresponding to the settlement under the bearing plate reaching the specified value (usually 1.25 mm), and K30 is usually measured in MPa/mm or MN/m

Q: What is the difference between K30, Ev1, Ev2, and E0?

This is a concept that many people easily confuse. Although they are both used to evaluate foundations, the testing methods and calculation models are different:

K30: Using a 300mm axle load, mainly based on the bearing capacity under specific deformation (1.25mm), commonly used in railway and highway specifications in China, Japan, and other countries.

Ev1/Ev2 (deformation modulus): The German standard (DIN 18134) is commonly used to evaluate the elastic-plastic deformation and compaction degree of soil through the first stage loading (Ev1) and the second stage loading after unloading (Ev2) (Ev2/Ev1 ratio).

E0 (rebound modulus): It focuses on the elastic rebound deformation of soil after unloading.

2.On site operation and equipment preparation

Q: Why is it necessary to find a large truck or excavator for K30 testing?

Answer: The K30 test is a reactive force test. When the jack is pushed upwards, it needs a huge weight to "press" it down in order to transmit the force downwards to the ground. This large truck (or excavator) is referred to as a counterweight in engineering. If the reaction force is not heavy enough, the jack will not only fail to press down on the ground, but will also lift the truck up.

Q: Why is it necessary to lay a thin layer of fine sand before testing?

Answer: There will inevitably be slight unevenness on the surface of the soil on site. If steel plates are placed directly without sand, there will be small gaps between the steel plates and the soil, which will cause the displacement meter to measure the deformation of "eliminating the gaps" at the beginning of loading, rather than the actual settlement of the soil. Laying a layer of 1-2mm dry fine sand can fill the gaps and ensure 100% full contact between the bearing plate and the soil.

3.Testing errors and exception handling

Q: Why is the settlement data sometimes measured as' negative '(meaning the board seems to be rising)?

This is usually due to interference with the reference beam. The reference beam is the absolute zero point for measuring settlement, if:

The support of the benchmark beam is too close to the jack or truck wheel, and is affected by ground uplift or wheel pressure;

The strong wind on site caused the long benchmark beam to bend upwards;

This will cause abnormal readings. The standard requires that the support point of the benchmark beam should be at least 1 meter away from the center of the bearing plate.

Q: If heavy rain is encountered during testing, can K30 testing be conducted immediately?

Answer: No. The foundation coefficient K30 of the soil is greatly affected by the moisture content. Rainwater infiltration will soften the soil, and the measured K30 value will be significantly lower, which cannot reflect the true compaction quality of the roadbed. Generally, it is necessary to wait until the accumulated water is removed and the soil moisture content is restored to near the optimal moisture content before measuring.

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